Ragas in Hindustani Classical Music can be seen as the designs created out of 7 Saptaswaras simply by shifting the Shadja on different shrutis !

e.g, in Ahirabhairav, P, N1, S, R2, G1, M1 from Saptaswaras become S, G1, M1, P, D1, n1 as S of the Ragascale starts from P of the Original Saptaswara Scale.

And, r2 comes as an additional note consonant with both M1 and n1 in the architecture.

Thus, Saptaswaras assume a different frequency due to the new Shadja and help to create Raga architecture.

Additional consonant swaras are taken only to complete the design. e.g, in Ahirabhairav, r2 comes as an additional note consonant with both M1 and n1 in the architecture.

In the following tables, 'Original scale' means the 7 Natural notes or Saptaswaras with frequencies of Shadja or S = taken as say 100 Hz, Rishabha or R2 = 112.5, Gandhar or G1 = 125, Madhyama or M1 = 133.33333, Panchama or P = 150, Dhaivat or D1 = 166.66666, Nishad or N1 = 187.5.

'Raga scale' indicates the new scale with Shadja in it's original place or shifted on to a different shruti.An arrow indicates relationship.